Sie sind hier: UHH > Chemie > Institute und Abteilungen > Physikalische Chemie > JProf. Dr. C. Klinke > Publications
Inhalt:
Hsiang-Chih Chiu, Beate Ritz, Suenne Kim, Erio Tosatti, Christian Klinke, Elisa Riedo:
Sliding on a Nanotube: Interplay of Friction, Deformations and Structure
Adv. Mater. (2012) accepted.
Holger Borchert, Florian Witt, Alina Chanaewa, Fabian Werner, Jan Dorn, Thomas Dufaux, Marta Kruszynska, Anne Jandke, Michael Holtig, Tamara Alfere, Jens Böttcher, Christoph Gimmler, Christian Klinke, Marko Burghard, Alf Mews, Horst Weller, Jurgen Parisi:
Vertically oriented carbon nanostructures and their application potential for polymer-based solar cells
J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012) 412.
Alina Chanaewa, Beatriz H. Juarez, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
Oxygen and light sensitive field-effect transistors based on ZnO nanoparticles attached to individual double-walled carbon nanotubes
Nanoscale 4 (2012) 251.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Igor Veremchuk, Sven-Ole Peters, Alexander Littig, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Thermoelectric properties of lead chalcogenide core–shell nanostructures
ACS Nano 5 (2011) 8541.
Yuxue Cai, Denis Wolfkuhler, Anton Myalitsin, Jan Perlich, Andreas Meyer, Christian Klinke:
Tunable electrical transport through annealed monolayers of monodisperse cobalt−platinum nanoparticles
ACS Nano 5 (2011) 67.
Michaela Meyns, Neus G. Bastus, Yuxue Cai, Andreas Kornowski, Beatriz H. Juarez, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
Growth and reductive transformation of a gold shell around pyramidal cadmium selenide nanocrystals
J. Mater. Chem. 20 (2010) 10602.
Constanze Schliehe, Beatriz H. Juarez, Marie Pelletier, Sebastian Jander, Denis Greshnykh, Mona Nagel, Andreas Meyer, Stephan Forster, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Ultrathin PbS sheets by two-dimensional oriented attachment
Science 329 (2010) 550.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Igor Veremchuk, Klaus-Georg Reinsberg, Anna-Marlena Kreuziger, Andreas Kornowski, Jose Broekaert, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
ZT enhancement in solution-grown Sb(2−x)BixTe3 nanoplatelets
ACS Nano 4 (2010) 4283.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Katrin Meier, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Colloidal nanostructures as building blocks for macroscopic thermoelectric materials with electron-crystal phonon-glass properties
Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1267 (2010) 1267-DD08-12.
Beate Ritz, Hauke Heller, Anton Myalitsin, Andreas Kornowski, Francisco J. Martin-Martinez, Santiago Melchor, Jose A. Dobado, Beatriz H. Juarez, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
Reversible attachment of platinum alloy nanoparticles to non-functionalized carbon nanotubes
ACS Nano 4 (2010) 2438.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Katrin Meier, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Synthesis and thermoelectric characterization of Bi2Te3 nanoparticles
Adv. Func. Mater. 19 (2009) 3476.
Marcel Lucas, Xiaohua Zhang, Ismael Palaci, Christian Klinke, Erio Tosatti, Elisa Riedo:
Hindered rolling and friction anisotropy in supported carbon nanotubes
Nature Mater. 8 (2009) 876.
Tim Strupeit, Christian Klinke, Andreas Kornowski, Horst Weller:
Synthesis of InP nanoneedles and their use as Schottky devices
ACS Nano 3 (2009) 668.
Denis Greshnykh, Andreas Fromsdorf, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
On the electric conductivity of highly ordered monolayers of monodisperse metal nanoparticles
Nano Lett. 9 (2009) 473.
Ana B. Hungria, Beatriz H. Juarez, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller, Paul A. Midgley:
3D characterization of CdSe nanoparticles attached to carbon nanotubes
Nano Research 1 (2008) 89.
Beatriz H. Juarez, Michaela Meyns, Alina Chanaewa, Yuxue Cai, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Carbon supported CdSe nanocrystals
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 (2008) 15282.
Vesna Aleksandrovic, Denis Greshnykh, Igor Randjelovic, Andreas Fromsdorf, Andreas Kornowski,
Stephan Volkher Roth, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Preparation and electrical properties of cobalt-platinum nanoparticle monolayers
deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique
ACS Nano 2 (2008) 1123.
Sergei Voitekhovich, Dmitri Talapin, Christian Klinke, Andreas Kornowski, Horst Weller:
CdS nanoparticles capped with 1-substituted 5-thiotetrazoles:
Synthesis, characterization and thermolysis of the surfactant
Chem. Mater. 20 (2008) 4545.
Walter Kaminsky, Andreas Funck, Christian Klinke:
In-situ polymerization of olefins on nanoparticles or fibers by metallocene catalysts
Top. Catal. 48 (2008) 84.
Beatriz H. Juarez, Christian Klinke, Andreas Kornowski, Horst Weller:
Quantum dot attachment and morphology control by carbon nanotubes
Nano Lett. 7 (2007) 3564.
Andreas Fromsdorf, Vesna Aleksandrovic, Denis Greshnykh, Igor Randjelovic, Andreas Kornowski,
Christian Klinke, Horst Weller, Stephan Volkher Roth, Andreas Timmann:
Properties of cobalt platinum nanoparticle monolayers deposited by Langmuir-Blodgett techniques
HASYLAB Annual Report I (2007) 1195.
Christian Klinke, Klaus Kern:
Iron nanoparticle formation in a metal–organic matrix: from ripening to gluttony
Nanotechn. 18 (2007) 215601.
Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Interaction of solid organic acids with carbon nanotube field effect transistors
Chem. Phys. Lett. 430 (2006) 75.
Christian Klinke, James B. Hannon, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Field-effect transistors assembled from functionalized carbon nanotubes
Nano Lett. 6 (2006) 906.
Christian Klinke, Erik Delvigne, Johannes V. Barth, Klaus Kern:
Enhanced field emission from multiwall carbon nanotube films by secondary growth
J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 21677.
James B. Hannon, Ali Afzali, Christian Klinke, Phaedon Avouris:
Selective placement of carbon nanotubes on metal-oxide surfaces
Langmuir 21 (2005) 8569.
Christian Klinke, James B. Hannon, Lynne Gignac, Kathleen Reuter, Phaedon Avouris:
Tungsten oxide nanowire growth by chemically-induced strain
J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 17787.
Ismael Palaci, Stephan Fedrigo, Harald Brune, Christian Klinke, Michael Chen, Elisa Riedo:
Radial elasticity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 175502.
Christian Klinke, Jia Chen, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Charge transfer induced polarity switching in carbon nanotube transistors
Nano Lett. 5 (2005) 555.
Jia Chen, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Self-aligned carbon nanotube transistors with charge transfer doping
Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 (2005) 123108.
Jia Chen, Marcus Freitag, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, James C. Tsang, Phaedon Avouris:
Charge transferred doping and electroluminescence in carbon nanotube transistors
IEEE Conf. Nanotech. Conf. Proc. (2005) 422.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Thermodynamic calculations on the catalytic growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes
Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 035403.
Phaedon Avouris, Ali Afzali, Jorg Appenzeller, Jia Chen, Marcus Freitag,
Christian Klinke, Yu-Ming Lin, James C. Tsang:
Carbon nanotube electronics and optoelectronics
IEDM 2004 Conf. Proc. (2004) 525.
Jia Chen, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Kevin Chan, Phaedon Avouris:
Self-aligned carbon nanotube transistors with novel chemical doping
IEDM 2004 Conf. Proc. (2004) 695.
Jia Chen, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Air-stable chemical doping of carbon nanotube transistors
DRC 2004 Conf. Proc. (2004) 137.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Formation of metallic nanocrystals from gel-like precursor films for CVD nanotube growth:
An in situ TEM characterization
J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004) 11357.
Xavier Hoffer, Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Laurent Gravier, Jean-Eric Wegrowe:
Spin-dependent magnetoresistance in multiwall carbon nanotubes
Europhys. Lett. 67 (2004) 103.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Thermodynamic calculations on the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes
AIP Conf. Proc. 685 (2003) 447.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Christian Klinke, Kenneth A. Dean, Bernard F. Coll:
Degradation and failure of carbon nanotube field emitters
Phys. Rev. B 67 (2003) 115406.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Mirko Croci, Christian Klinke, Fabien Conus, Imad Arfaoui, Thomas Stockli, Andre Chatelain:
Growth of carbon nanotubes characterized by field emission measurements during chemical vapor deposition
Phys. Rev. B 67 (2003) 085412.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Kenneth A. Dean, Bernard F. Coll, Christian Klinke:
Field emission of individual carbon nanotubes in the scanning electron microscope
Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 197602.
Christian Klinke, Ralph Kurt, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Raman spectroscopy and field emission measurements on catalytically grown carbon nanotubes
J. Phys. Chem. B 106 (2002) 11191.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Pauline Chauvin, Christian Klinke:
Monodisperse multiwall carbon nanotubes obtained with ferritin ascatalyst
Nano Lett. 2 (2002) 665.
Klara Hernadi, Edina Couteau, Polona Umek, Csilla Miko, Jin Won Seo, Laszlo Forro, Mirco Croci,
Christian Klinke, Pauline Chauvin, Jean-Marc Bonard:
Controlled growth and applications of carbon nanotubes
Chimia 56 (2002) 547.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Mirco Croci, Christian Klinke, Ralph Kurt, Olivier Noury, Nicolas Weiss:
Carbon nanotube films as electron field emitters
Carbon 40 (2002) 1715.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Comparative study of the catalytic growth of patterned carbon nanotube films
Surf. Sci. 492 (2001) 195.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Ralph Kurt, Christian Klinke:
Influence of the deposition conditions on the field emission properties of patterned nitrogenated carbon nanotube films
Chem. Phys. Lett. 343 (2001) 21.
Christian Klinke, Christian Waizenegger, Thomas Stockli, Olivier Noury, Jean-Marc Bonard:
Patterned growth of carbon nanotubes on borosilicate glass
AIP Conf. Proc. 591 (2001) 243.
Ralph Kurt, Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern, Ayatollah Karimi:
Tayloring the diameter of decorated C-N nanotubes by temperature variations using HF-CVD
Carbon 39 (2001) 2163.
Christian Obermair, Matthias Muller, Christian Klinke, Thomas Schimmel:
Local electrical deposition of metal islands mechanically induced withthe tip of an atomic force microscope
Chinese Phys. 10 (2001) S151.
Publications
Hsiang-Chih Chiu, Beate Ritz, Suenne Kim, Erio Tosatti, Christian Klinke, Elisa Riedo:
Sliding on a Nanotube: Interplay of Friction, Deformations and Structure
Adv. Mater. (2012) accepted.
Holger Borchert, Florian Witt, Alina Chanaewa, Fabian Werner, Jan Dorn, Thomas Dufaux, Marta Kruszynska, Anne Jandke, Michael Holtig, Tamara Alfere, Jens Böttcher, Christoph Gimmler, Christian Klinke, Marko Burghard, Alf Mews, Horst Weller, Jurgen Parisi:
Vertically oriented carbon nanostructures and their application potential for polymer-based solar cells
J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012) 412.
Alina Chanaewa, Beatriz H. Juarez, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
Oxygen and light sensitive field-effect transistors based on ZnO nanoparticles attached to individual double-walled carbon nanotubes
Nanoscale 4 (2012) 251.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Igor Veremchuk, Sven-Ole Peters, Alexander Littig, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Thermoelectric properties of lead chalcogenide core–shell nanostructures
ACS Nano 5 (2011) 8541.
Yuxue Cai, Denis Wolfkuhler, Anton Myalitsin, Jan Perlich, Andreas Meyer, Christian Klinke:
Tunable electrical transport through annealed monolayers of monodisperse cobalt−platinum nanoparticles
ACS Nano 5 (2011) 67.
Michaela Meyns, Neus G. Bastus, Yuxue Cai, Andreas Kornowski, Beatriz H. Juarez, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
Growth and reductive transformation of a gold shell around pyramidal cadmium selenide nanocrystals
J. Mater. Chem. 20 (2010) 10602.
Constanze Schliehe, Beatriz H. Juarez, Marie Pelletier, Sebastian Jander, Denis Greshnykh, Mona Nagel, Andreas Meyer, Stephan Forster, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Ultrathin PbS sheets by two-dimensional oriented attachment
Science 329 (2010) 550.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Igor Veremchuk, Klaus-Georg Reinsberg, Anna-Marlena Kreuziger, Andreas Kornowski, Jose Broekaert, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
ZT enhancement in solution-grown Sb(2−x)BixTe3 nanoplatelets
ACS Nano 4 (2010) 4283.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Katrin Meier, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Colloidal nanostructures as building blocks for macroscopic thermoelectric materials with electron-crystal phonon-glass properties
Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1267 (2010) 1267-DD08-12.
Beate Ritz, Hauke Heller, Anton Myalitsin, Andreas Kornowski, Francisco J. Martin-Martinez, Santiago Melchor, Jose A. Dobado, Beatriz H. Juarez, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
Reversible attachment of platinum alloy nanoparticles to non-functionalized carbon nanotubes
ACS Nano 4 (2010) 2438.
Marcus Scheele, Niels Oeschler, Katrin Meier, Andreas Kornowski, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Synthesis and thermoelectric characterization of Bi2Te3 nanoparticles
Adv. Func. Mater. 19 (2009) 3476.
Marcel Lucas, Xiaohua Zhang, Ismael Palaci, Christian Klinke, Erio Tosatti, Elisa Riedo:
Hindered rolling and friction anisotropy in supported carbon nanotubes
Nature Mater. 8 (2009) 876.
Tim Strupeit, Christian Klinke, Andreas Kornowski, Horst Weller:
Synthesis of InP nanoneedles and their use as Schottky devices
ACS Nano 3 (2009) 668.
Denis Greshnykh, Andreas Fromsdorf, Horst Weller, Christian Klinke:
On the electric conductivity of highly ordered monolayers of monodisperse metal nanoparticles
Nano Lett. 9 (2009) 473.
Ana B. Hungria, Beatriz H. Juarez, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller, Paul A. Midgley:
3D characterization of CdSe nanoparticles attached to carbon nanotubes
Nano Research 1 (2008) 89.
Beatriz H. Juarez, Michaela Meyns, Alina Chanaewa, Yuxue Cai, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Carbon supported CdSe nanocrystals
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 (2008) 15282.
Vesna Aleksandrovic, Denis Greshnykh, Igor Randjelovic, Andreas Fromsdorf, Andreas Kornowski,
Stephan Volkher Roth, Christian Klinke, Horst Weller:
Preparation and electrical properties of cobalt-platinum nanoparticle monolayers deposited by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique
ACS Nano 2 (2008) 1123.
Sergei Voitekhovich, Dmitri Talapin, Christian Klinke, Andreas Kornowski, Horst Weller:
CdS nanoparticles capped with 1-substituted 5-thiotetrazoles:
Synthesis, characterization and thermolysis of the surfactant
Chem. Mater. 20 (2008) 4545.
Walter Kaminsky, Andreas Funck, Christian Klinke:
In-situ polymerization of olefins on nanoparticles or fibers by metallocene catalysts
Top. Catal. 48 (2008) 84.
Beatriz H. Juarez, Christian Klinke, Andreas Kornowski, Horst Weller:
Quantum dot attachment and morphology control by carbon nanotubes
Nano Lett. 7 (2007) 3564.
Andreas Fromsdorf, Vesna Aleksandrovic, Denis Greshnykh, Igor Randjelovic, Andreas Kornowski,
Christian Klinke, Horst Weller, Stephan Volkher Roth, Andreas Timmann:
Properties of cobalt platinum nanoparticle monolayers deposited by Langmuir-Blodgett techniques
HASYLAB Annual Report I (2007) 1195.
Christian Klinke, Klaus Kern:
Iron nanoparticle formation in a metal–organic matrix: from ripening to gluttony
Nanotechn. 18 (2007) 215601.
Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Interaction of solid organic acids with carbon nanotube field effect transistors
Chem. Phys. Lett. 430 (2006) 75.
Christian Klinke, James B. Hannon, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Field-effect transistors assembled from functionalized carbon nanotubes
Nano Lett. 6 (2006) 906.
Christian Klinke, Erik Delvigne, Johannes V. Barth, Klaus Kern:
Enhanced field emission from multiwall carbon nanotube films by secondary growth
J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 21677.
James B. Hannon, Ali Afzali, Christian Klinke, Phaedon Avouris:
Selective placement of carbon nanotubes on metal-oxide surfaces
Langmuir 21 (2005) 8569.
Christian Klinke, James B. Hannon, Lynne Gignac, Kathleen Reuter, Phaedon Avouris:
Tungsten oxide nanowire growth by chemically-induced strain
J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 17787.
Ismael Palaci, Stephan Fedrigo, Harald Brune, Christian Klinke, Michael Chen, Elisa Riedo:
Radial elasticity of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 175502.
Christian Klinke, Jia Chen, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Charge transfer induced polarity switching in carbon nanotube transistors
Nano Lett. 5 (2005) 555.
Jia Chen, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Self-aligned carbon nanotube transistors with charge transfer doping
Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 (2005) 123108.
Jia Chen, Marcus Freitag, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, James C. Tsang, Phaedon Avouris:
Charge transferred doping and electroluminescence in carbon nanotube transistors
IEEE Conf. Nanotech. Conf. Proc. (2005) 422.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Thermodynamic calculations on the catalytic growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes
Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 035403.
Phaedon Avouris, Ali Afzali, Jorg Appenzeller, Jia Chen, Marcus Freitag,
Christian Klinke, Yu-Ming Lin, James C. Tsang:
Carbon nanotube electronics and optoelectronics
IEDM 2004 Conf. Proc. (2004) 525.
Jia Chen, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Kevin Chan, Phaedon Avouris:
Self-aligned carbon nanotube transistors with novel chemical doping
IEDM 2004 Conf. Proc. (2004) 695.
Jia Chen, Christian Klinke, Ali Afzali, Phaedon Avouris:
Air-stable chemical doping of carbon nanotube transistors
DRC 2004 Conf. Proc. (2004) 137.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Formation of metallic nanocrystals from gel-like precursor films for CVD nanotube growth:
An in situ TEM characterization
J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004) 11357.
Xavier Hoffer, Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Laurent Gravier, Jean-Eric Wegrowe:
Spin-dependent magnetoresistance in multiwall carbon nanotubes
Europhys. Lett. 67 (2004) 103.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Thermodynamic calculations on the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes
AIP Conf. Proc. 685 (2003) 447.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Christian Klinke, Kenneth A. Dean, Bernard F. Coll:
Degradation and failure of carbon nanotube field emitters
Phys. Rev. B 67 (2003) 115406.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Mirko Croci, Christian Klinke, Fabien Conus, Imad Arfaoui, Thomas Stockli, Andre Chatelain:
Growth of carbon nanotubes characterized by field emission measurements during chemical vapor deposition
Phys. Rev. B 67 (2003) 085412.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Kenneth A. Dean, Bernard F. Coll, Christian Klinke:
Field emission of individual carbon nanotubes in the scanning electron microscope
Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 197602.
Christian Klinke, Ralph Kurt, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Raman spectroscopy and field emission measurements on catalytically grown carbon nanotubes
J. Phys. Chem. B 106 (2002) 11191.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Pauline Chauvin, Christian Klinke:
Monodisperse multiwall carbon nanotubes obtained with ferritin ascatalyst
Nano Lett. 2 (2002) 665.
Klara Hernadi, Edina Couteau, Polona Umek, Csilla Miko, Jin Won Seo, Laszlo Forro, Mirco Croci,
Christian Klinke, Pauline Chauvin, Jean-Marc Bonard:
Controlled growth and applications of carbon nanotubes
Chimia 56 (2002) 547.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Mirco Croci, Christian Klinke, Ralph Kurt, Olivier Noury, Nicolas Weiss:
Carbon nanotube films as electron field emitters
Carbon 40 (2002) 1715.
Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern:
Comparative study of the catalytic growth of patterned carbon nanotube films
Surf. Sci. 492 (2001) 195.
Jean-Marc Bonard, Ralph Kurt, Christian Klinke:
Influence of the deposition conditions on the field emission properties of patterned nitrogenated carbon nanotube films
Chem. Phys. Lett. 343 (2001) 21.
Christian Klinke, Christian Waizenegger, Thomas Stockli, Olivier Noury, Jean-Marc Bonard:
Patterned growth of carbon nanotubes on borosilicate glass
AIP Conf. Proc. 591 (2001) 243.
Ralph Kurt, Christian Klinke, Jean-Marc Bonard, Klaus Kern, Ayatollah Karimi:
Tayloring the diameter of decorated C-N nanotubes by temperature variations using HF-CVD
Carbon 39 (2001) 2163.
Christian Obermair, Matthias Muller, Christian Klinke, Thomas Schimmel:
Local electrical deposition of metal islands mechanically induced withthe tip of an atomic force microscope
Chinese Phys. 10 (2001) S151.
