3.1.1.5 Surface Fermi-surfaces

This chapter provides a brief discussion on surface Fermi-surfaces of copper (Cu). Angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (ARUPS) is suited to determine Fermi level crossings for intrinsically two-dimensional surface states (SS). Such measurements can be used to evaluate the surface Fermi-surface. The shape of the surface Fermi-surface has implications to the dynamic coupling between low energy excitations and electronic degrees of freedom or to anticipated effects on adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. The Fermi surface of Cu is illustrated. The L_2' → L₁ gap and its projections onto the three low-index surface Brillouin zones is shown.